What changed what, as the paper reports it. Grouped by the measured property.
dry bulk density
↑ 33
↑increase
heavy and light vehicles,1/2/4/8passes vs. zero trafficsignificant · 0–40 cm · Hawassa University farmland · Wet soil21%water; sampling points10/30cm, table bins0–20/20–40cm; both vehicles, all1/2/4/8passes
Numbers
treatment 1.11 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+14.43 %) · 0–20 cm · heavy1pass
treatment 1.05 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+8.247 %) · 0–20 cm · light1pass
treatment 1.12 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+15.46 %) · 0–20 cm · heavy2passes
treatment 1.06 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+9.278 %) · 0–20 cm · light2passes
treatment 1.14 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+17.53 %) · 0–20 cm · heavy4passes
treatment 1.1 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+13.4 %) · 0–20 cm · light4passes
treatment 1.14 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+17.53 %) · 0–20 cm · heavy8passes
treatment 1.13 vs. control 0.97 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+16.49 %) · 0–20 cm · light8passes
treatment 1.11 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+6.731 %) · 20–40 cm · heavy1pass
treatment 1.08 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+3.846 %) · 20–40 cm · light1pass
treatment 1.12 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+7.692 %) · 20–40 cm · heavy2passes
treatment 1.1 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+5.769 %) · 20–40 cm · light2passes
treatment 1.13 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+8.654 %) · 20–40 cm · heavy4passes
treatment 1.11 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+6.731 %) · 20–40 cm · light4passes
treatment 1.14 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+9.615 %) · 20–40 cm · heavy8passes
treatment 1.13 vs. control 1.04 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+8.654 %) · 20–40 cm · light8passes
Source · p. 4
“For both light and heavy weight machinery treatment, until a depth of 0.30 m along the wet soil profile, the measured value of dry bulk density shows that there is a statistically significant difference (p \< 0.05) compared to the non-trafficked (zero pass) soil.”
↑increase
heavy machine4/8passes vs. zero trafficsignificant · 0–30 cm · Hawassa University farmland · Dry16.5%soil;heavy4/8passes;sample points10/30cm
Source · p. 4
“on the dry soil and to the same depth of 0.30 m a minimum of two and four passes were required with the light and heavy machine respectively to obtain a statistically significant difference on dry bulk density compared to the non trafficked (zero pass) soil.”
↑increase
heavy vehicle 2/4/8 passes and light vehicle 8 passes vs. zero trafficsignificant · 40–80 cm · Hawassa University farmland · Wet soil,21% moisture; Table3 layer40–80cm,sampled at60cm; heavy2/4/8 passes and light8passes each versus zero traffic.
Numbers
treatment 1.15 vs. control 1.11 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+3.604 %) · 40–80 cm · heavy vehicle,2 passes
treatment 1.15 vs. control 1.11 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+3.604 %) · 40–80 cm · heavy vehicle,4 passes
treatment 1.16 vs. control 1.11 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+4.505 %) · 40–80 cm · heavy vehicle,8 passes
treatment 1.15 vs. control 1.11 ×10^3 kg/m3 (+3.604 %) · 40–80 cm · light vehicle,8 passes
Source · p. 4
“| [0.40–0.80] | 1.11 c | 1.14 c | 1.13 c | 1.15 e | 1.14 c | 1.15 e | 1.14 c | 1.16 e | 1.15 e |”
