Почвоведение · 2023
Effect of Fresh Organic Matter of Straw on Microbiological Parameters of Sod-Podzolic Soil
Nikitin, D. A., Semenov, M. V., Ksenofontova, N. A., Tkhakakhova, A. K., Rusakova, I. V., Lukin, S. M.
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Effect of Fresh Organic Matter of Straw on Microbiological P…
Abstract
The loss of soil organic matter (SOM) due to agricultural land use has a negative impact on soil properties and is one of the major contributors to the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. An appropriate way for simultaneous restoration of POM stocks and deposition of sequestered carbon is the straw application to the soil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of straw on the quantitative indicators of different groups of microorganisms in sod-podzolic soil (Umbric Retisol) in a long-term field experiment. Introduction of straw increased microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) by 1.25–2 times, with the greatest increase in microbial biomass observed in the variants without fertilizer. Basal respiration and respiration coefficient (qCO2) increased in the row: control NPK NPK + straw straw. Application of straw increased the gene copy number of fungi and bacteria up to 2 times and archaea up to 1.5 times. Mineral fertilizer application without straw reduced qCO2, fungi biomass and archaeal gene copy number by 1.5–3.0 times. The fungi/bacteria ratio varied from 4 to 15 determined by fluorescent microscopy and from 0.17 to 0.33 by quantitative PCR. The lowest values of fungi/bacteria ratios were found in soils with the application of mineral fertilizers, and the highest – with the incorporation of straw. Thus, the regular introduction of fresh organic matter of straw is an important technological procedure to increase the microbiological activity of soil and leveling the negative impact of mineral fertilizers on soil microbiota.
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The loss of soil organic matter (SOM) due to agricultural land use has a negative impact on soil properties and is one of the major contributors to the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. An appropriate way for simultaneous restoration of POM stocks and deposition of sequestered carbon is the straw application to the soil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of straw on the quantitative indicators of different groups of microorganisms in sod-podzolic soil (Umbric Retisol) in a long-term field experiment. Introduction of straw increased microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) by 1.25–2 times, with the greatest increase in microbial biomass observed in the variants without fertilizer. Basal respiration and respiration coefficient (qCO2) increased in the row: control NPK NPK + straw straw. Application of straw increased the gene copy number of fungi and bacteria up to 2 times and archaea up to 1.5 times. Mineral fertilizer application without straw reduced qCO2, fungi biomass and archaeal gene copy number by 1.5–3.0 times. The fungi/bacteria ratio varied from 4 to 15 determined by fluorescent microscopy and from 0.17 to 0.33 by quantitative PCR. The lowest values of fungi/bacteria ratios were found in soils with the application of mineral fertilizers, and the highest – with the incorporation of straw. Thus, the regular introduction of fresh organic matter of straw is an important technological procedure to increase the microbiological activity of soil and leveling the negative impact of mineral fertilizers on soil microbiota.
The loss of soil organic matter (SOM) due to agricultural land use has a negative impact on soil properties and is one of the major contributors to the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. An appropriate way for simultaneous restoration of POM stocks and deposition of sequestered carbon is the straw application to the soil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of straw on the quantitative indicators of different groups of microorganisms in sod-podzolic soil (Umbric Retisol) in a long-term field experiment. Introduction of straw increased microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) by 1.25–2 times, with the greatest increase in microbial biomass observed in the variants without fertilizer. Basal respiration and respiration coefficient (qCO2) increased in the row: control NPK NPK + straw straw. Application of straw increased the gene copy number of fungi and bacteria up to 2 times and archaea up to 1.5 times. Mineral fertilizer application without straw reduced qCO2, fungi biomass and archaeal gene copy number by 1.5–3.0 times. The fungi/bacteria ratio varied from 4 to 15 determined by fluorescent microscopy and from 0.17 to 0.33 by quantitative PCR. The lowest values of fungi/bacteria ratios were found in soils with the application of mineral fertilizers, and the highest – with the incorporation of straw. Thus, the regular introduction of fresh organic matter of straw is an important technological procedure to increase the microbiological activity of soil and leveling the negative impact of mineral fertilizers on soil microbiota.