PLOS One · 2025
Long-term conservation agriculture with optimum nitrogen fertilization improves soil phosphorus availability
Jahan Mumu, N., Akter, S., Eiti Mony, A. M., Ferdous, J., Taima, N. A., Khatun, M. K., Jahangir, M. M. R.
Export
Long-term conservation agriculture with optimum nitrogen fer…
Abstract
Understanding the interactive effects of conservation agriculture (CA) and nitrogen (N) fertilization on soil phosphorus (P) dynamics is critical for sustainable nutrient management. However, information on the dynamics and availability of P pools under the combination of long-term CA practices with N fertilization is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impacts of CA and different N rates on labile, moderately labile, and non-labile P fractions in a wheat ( Triticum aestivum )-mungbean ( Vigna radiata )-rice ( Oryza sativa L) rotation after the 36th consecutive crop. The field experiment was conducted in a split-split plot design with two tillage systems (conventional tillage, CT; strip tillage, ST), two residue levels (lower residue, LR (15 cm); higher residue, HR (30 cm)), and six nitrogen (N) rates (N0, N60, N80, N100, N120, N140 representing 0%, 60%, 80%,100%, 120% and 140%, respectively of the recommended dose). The ST-HR significantly enhanced labile-P availability. Soluble-P, and NaHCO 3 -Po (organic) increased by 4% and 35% under ST compared to CT, and by 259% and 26% under HR compared to LR, respectively. While HR enhanced most soil P fractions, higher N rates (>N100) tended to decrease labile-Pi (inorganic) fractions by up to 45% suggesting a potential decline in plant-available P. The NaHCO 3 -Pi was higher in HR coupled with lower N rate (≤N100). Optimum N rate under CA aided in raising the NaHCO 3 -Po fractions. Moderately labile-P fractions were higher in ST-HR with increased N rate (>N100). Acid-P increased by 38% under ST, with complex interactions observed across treatments. Acid-P was consistently higher in ST-HR coupled with lower N rate (≤N100) while residual-P was higher in ST-LR coupled with same N rate. The interactions among tillage, residue, and N were significant for most P pools highlighting the synergistic effects of CA and N management. Overall, ST-HR-N100 was found to optimize P availability and minimize non-labile P buildup, offering a balanced P dynamics for improved soil fertility and sustainable crop production.
Show all
Understanding the interactive effects of conservation agriculture (CA) and nitrogen (N) fertilization on soil phosphorus (P) dynamics is critical for sustainable nutrient management. However, information on the dynamics and availability of P pools under the combination of long-term CA practices with N fertilization is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impacts of CA and different N rates on labile, moderately labile, and non-labile P fractions in a wheat ( Triticum aestivum )-mungbean ( Vigna radiata )-rice ( Oryza sativa L) rotation after the 36th consecutive crop. The field experiment was conducted in a split-split plot design with two tillage systems (conventional tillage, CT; strip tillage, ST), two residue levels (lower residue, LR (15 cm); higher residue, HR (30 cm)), and six nitrogen (N) rates (N0, N60, N80, N100, N120, N140 representing 0%, 60%, 80%,100%, 120% and 140%, respectively of the recommended dose). The ST-HR significantly enhanced labile-P availability. Soluble-P, and NaHCO 3 -Po (organic) increased by 4% and 35% under ST compared to CT, and by 259% and 26% under HR compared to LR, respectively. While HR enhanced most soil P fractions, higher N rates (>N100) tended to decrease labile-Pi (inorganic) fractions by up to 45% suggesting a potential decline in plant-available P. The NaHCO 3 -Pi was higher in HR coupled with lower N rate (≤N100). Optimum N rate under CA aided in raising the NaHCO 3 -Po fractions. Moderately labile-P fractions were higher in ST-HR with increased N rate (>N100). Acid-P increased by 38% under ST, with complex interactions observed across treatments. Acid-P was consistently higher in ST-HR coupled with lower N rate (≤N100) while residual-P was higher in ST-LR coupled with same N rate. The interactions among tillage, residue, and N were significant for most P pools highlighting the synergistic effects of CA and N management. Overall, ST-HR-N100 was found to optimize P availability and minimize non-labile P buildup, offering a balanced P dynamics for improved soil fertility and sustainable crop production.
Understanding the interactive effects of conservation agriculture (CA) and nitrogen (N) fertilization on soil phosphorus (P) dynamics is critical for sustainable nutrient management. However, information on the dynamics and availability of P pools under the combination of long-term CA practices with N fertilization is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impacts of CA and different N rates on labile, moderately labile, and non-labile P fractions in a wheat ( Triticum aestivum )-mungbean ( Vigna radiata )-rice ( Oryza sativa L) rotation after the 36th consecutive crop. The field experiment was conducted in a split-split plot design with two tillage systems (conventional tillage, CT; strip tillage, ST), two residue levels (lower residue, LR (15 cm); higher residue, HR (30 cm)), and six nitrogen (N) rates (N0, N60, N80, N100, N120, N140 representing 0%, 60%, 80%,100%, 120% and 140%, respectively of the recommended dose). The ST-HR significantly enhanced labile-P availability. Soluble-P, and NaHCO 3 -Po (organic) increased by 4% and 35% under ST compared to CT, and by 259% and 26% under HR compared to LR, respectively. While HR enhanced most soil P fractions, higher N rates (>N100) tended to decrease labile-Pi (inorganic) fractions by up to 45% suggesting a potential decline in plant-available P. The NaHCO 3 -Pi was higher in HR coupled with lower N rate (≤N100). Optimum N rate under CA aided in raising the NaHCO 3 -Po fractions. Moderately labile-P fractions were higher in ST-HR with increased N rate (>N100). Acid-P increased by 38% under ST, with complex interactions observed across treatments. Acid-P was consistently higher in ST-HR coupled with lower N rate (≤N100) while residual-P was higher in ST-LR coupled with same N rate. The interactions among tillage, residue, and N were significant for most P pools highlighting the synergistic effects of CA and N management. Overall, ST-HR-N100 was found to optimize P availability and minimize non-labile P buildup, offering a balanced P dynamics for improved soil fertility and sustainable crop production.
Similar papers
Carbon and nitrogen accumulation in soils under conservation agriculture practices decreases with nitrogen application rates
Jahangir et al. · 2021 · Applied Soil Ecology
9 shared concepts
14 findings1 site
Phosphorus sources and fractions in an oxisol under no-tilled soybean
Galvani, Hotta & Rosolem · 2008 · Scientia Agricola
5 shared concepts
13 findings1 site
Soil Phosphorus Pools, Bioavailability and Environmental Risk in Response to the Phosphorus Supply in the Red Soil of Southern China
Yan et al. · 2020 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
5 shared concepts